Rethinking the monarchy’s role – not as a return to autocracy, but as a foundation for stability.
By Sanjay Upadhya
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| Narayanhiti Palace, which served as the residence and workplace of the reigning monarchs of Nepal, is now a museum. Photo courtesy: Suraj Belbase/Wikipedia |
Despite ongoing difficulties, the resilience of the Nepalese populace is truly commendable. However, confidence in political institutions has diminished, leading many young Nepalis to seek stability abroad.
The dissolution of the monarchy in 2008 did not yield the prosperity that political leaders had promised. In this context, it is imperative to reconsider the monarchy’s role, perceiving it not as a regressive step toward autocracy but as a potential unifying entity that could promote stability and represent national unity.
While it is important to acknowledge the flaws associated with the monarchy, it remains vital to recognize that this institution did not create the prevailing issues. During Nepal’s constitutional monarchy, the king served as a neutral guardian of national unity, embodying continuity, tradition, and a distinctive sovereignty separate from political factions.
National Unity
Historically, the monarchy in Nepal has served as a crucial symbol of unity among its diverse ethnic and linguistic groups. Although the Shah dynasty originated from a specific region and ethnic background, it united various communities throughout Nepal. In contrast, political parties often exacerbate divisions by favoring certain groups based on ethnicity, region, or ideology.
Restoring a constitutional monarchy similar to those in the United Kingdom, Japan, or Norway would clearly separate the head of state’s role from political responsibilities. This structure would allow a representative to embody national continuity. Unlike elected officials, who may change with each political transition, a monarch can rise above partisan conflicts, potentially providing moral guidance and reinforcing cherished national values.
Nepal’s rich cultural and religious heritage has long been associated with the monarchy, which constitutes a fundamental aspect of its national identity. Although Nepal is presently secular, the monarchy represented more than mere Hindu authority. Its removal has created a void that no alternative institution has sufficiently addressed. During periods of cultural transformation, the monarchy may have offered solace and a sense of historical connection for those seeking spiritual support.
Restoration of the monarchy does not imply a regression to an autocratic system. It is essential to examine historical missteps, particularly regarding royal abuse of power during the Panchayat and direct rule. Nevertheless, these historical errors should not constrain the monarchy’s future. A deliberate approach that integrates democracy with the ceremonial role of a king within a contemporary constitutional framework could reduce the intensity of partisan politics.
In many stable democracies, monarchs take on significant responsibilities in ceremonial roles, promote national unity, and uphold their constitutions impartially. Nepal could greatly benefit from adopting a customized model that meets its unique needs.
Restoring Balance
In light of the nation’s challenges in navigating the current geopolitical landscape, reinstating the monarchy could help Nepal achieve balance in its foreign policy. A constitutional monarch might serve as a neutral head of state, enhancing consistency and credibility in relations with its two main neighbors, India and China.
Monarchs have effectively represented Nepal’s independent identity, particularly during the Cold War and within the Non-Aligned Movement. A reestablished monarchy could enable Nepal to withstand undue influence from either neighbor, strengthen connections with the broader international community, and advocate for a comprehensive foreign policy.
The republic has had its chance. Throughout the last sixteen years, it has faced challenges related to trust-building, governance, and national unity. We need to determine if a neutral, unifying constitutional monarchy could bring coherence to our divided political landscape.
This discourse goes beyond simply choosing between monarchy and democracy. If discussed thoughtfully, the monarchy could play a crucial role in forging a more hopeful future for Nepal.
